Quote:
Originally Posted by Adam
Last night, I was on Netflix watching the film "The Gospel of John" with the actor from Lost (Henry Ian Cusick) playing Jesus (he's great btw). So, my question...When Christ refers to himself as the Son of Man, what exactly does he mean? Shouldn't he always refer to himself as the Son of God? I'm not a bigtime Bible scholar, so I thought I'd pose the question here.
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"Son of Man" was not only an existing OT term, but an entire extra-biblical messianic motif first inspired by the
Daniel 7 passage. It appears Jesus deliberately appropriated the term for its messianic connotation (specifically Mt 26:64- a direct reference to
Dan 7). See here:
"Ninety-three of the 106 occurrences of the term in the Old Testament are in the Book of Ezekiel where it is God's standard way of addressing the prophet. Elsewhere it is also a reference to either humanity as a whole or to a particular human person except in
Ps 8:4; 80:17; and
Dan 7:13. As already noted, the writer to the Hebrews interprets
Ps 8:4 messianically and probably 80:17 should be as well.
Dan 7:13-14 introduces a different perspective. Here one like a Son of Man is an apocalyptic figure from heaven who receives an all-inclusive kingdom, unlimited by space or time.
Intertestamental references to Son of Man are in the same vein as that of Daniel's vision. In that section of 1 Enoch called the Similitudes or Parables (37 -71 ) the Son of Man is a heavenly person, eternal, righteous, and holy, who rules and judges. Second Esdras (4 Ezra) 1:13 relates a vision of "something like the figure of a man come up out of the heart of the sea ... this man flew with the clouds of heaven" (v. 3). He defeats the hostile (cosmic) powers and delivers captives through a series of actions that precede the confirmation of his reign.
Controversies abound about the origin, use, meaning, and implications of "Son of Man" in biblical literature and particularly its use by Jesus. The term could be a synonym for "I" or "a human person." Some scholars have thought it to be a corporate term including Israel (n.b.,
Dan 7:18) or the church (e.g., T. W. Manson), an office Jesus expected to receive (e.g., A. Schweutzer), or a figure imported into Judaism from a foreign source.
Jesus was in constant danger of being forced into limited or illegitimate messianic role (
John 6:15). In response to Peter's confession (
Mark 8:29-31) he accepted the title "Messiah," equated it with Son of Man, and linked his work with that of the Suffering Servant. In the Judaism of Jesus' day "Messiah" was frequently understood as a political-military leader whose primary concern was for the welfare of Israel. Jesus' usage seems to be an extension of the portrayal of the Son of Man in Daniel and the intertestamental literature. With the term Jesus dissociated his nature and mission from purely earthly, nationalistic notions. He is a transcendent, preexistent person whose mission is primarily a spiritual one that orginates in heaven and whose concern is with all peoples, nations, and languages."
(from Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology. Copyright © 1996 by Baker Books. All rights reserved. Used by permission.)